Radiatoe



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- RADIATUR.-

No. 534,029.'A Patented Feb.' l2, 1895.

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Y gasket or other suitable packing material be- NIT-ED STATES- PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES A. BALL, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.

RADIATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 534,029, dated February 12,1895.

Serial No. 519,773. (No model.)

T0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known that ,I, CHARLES A. BALL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Washington, in the District of Columbia, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements inRadiators, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to radiators designed for use in connection with steam or hot water, and consists in a novel construction of the same as hereinafter set forth and claimed, whereby only such proportion of the radiating surfaces may be used as are actually necessary to keep the rooms at the proper temperaure.

Incarrying'out my invention I form or construct the loops or sections of the radiator with diaphragms dividing the interior of each section into distinct and separate chambers, each chamber having its'own supply valve and air-valve. Thesections are designed to be connected at top and bottom thereby enabling me to use one pattern either for steam or hot water circulation. There are no independent or special end or intermediate sections, and the legs, which are made separate from the sections, may be applied to any of them after the radiator is assembled. The sections have bosses at top and bottom tenoned and mortised to fit adjacent sections,a lead ing interposed between the planed faces of the bosses to insure a tight joint. Each section is further provided, at the top, with a -boss to receive its air valve, but of coursel only that section which is used at the end of the radiator will have its bosses tapped and provided with air-valves.v

Between the top and bottom bosses, the interior diaphragms will be `enlarged or filled out and bored (or the holesmay be formed in casting) for the passage of the bolts that hold the sections together. On the dat faces of the sections are vertical ribs or iiauges, which, besides strengthening the sections against'the pressure exerted in driving them together, make a vertical due at the center.

Though all the sections are cast from one pattern, and are exactly alike, it will be seen that the number of sections to be connected, may be varied as desired, and that 'they may be connected at top or bottom, or at both ends,

or at one end, according as the work is on the one or ytwo-pipe plan.

Special arrangements of the air-valve, the main supply/valve, and the connections, will vbe described in conjunction with the draw- Fig. 8, a similar view on the line 8 8 of Figs.

1, 2 and 3; Fig. 9, a horizontal sectional View of a radiator, of three sections; Fig. 10, avertical sectional view of the lower part of a twosection radiator; Fig. 1l, a face view, partly lin section, showing the supply-valve-casing;

Fig. 12, a face view illustrating a modification; and Fig. 13, a Vertical sectional vie of the air-valve.

. A, indicates one ofthe loops or sections of the radiator, comprisinga hollow body of substantially the usual form, divided` into separate and independent chambersB B by means of the diaphragms C, O, Figs. 2, 7, 9 and 10. Near the top of each chamber B there are bossesa., cored out to form Vopenings b in opposite faces of each section; While at the bottom of each chamber are similar bosses c and openings d; the bosses on one face of the section being mortised while those on the opposite face are tenoned, so that when two sections are brought together the bosses shall fit snugly. At the top of each chamber B there is a boss e which is cored outand then tapped to receive the air-valve D hereinafter described.

The diaphragme C are enlarged or pulled out slightly near their upper and lower ends as at f,and perforated as at g, Figs. 1, 2, 8 and 9, to receive the bolts or rods E by means of which the sections A are held together.

On the dat faces of the sections A are vertical ribs or flanges h,preferably in line with the diaphragms as in Figs. 7 and 9,-; which ribs, beside giving increased strength to the sections and making them to resist the strain caused by forcing the sections together, form a vertical air iiue at the center of the IOO radiator between each two sections, up which tlue the air is caused to pass without disturbance.

The legs F, as shown in Figs.n 2, l and 10, are made preferably, in a single casting, and are separate from the sections. Each section is provided on its base with a boss t' to fit a corresponding socket j in the leg casting, the boss being tapped to receive a screw bolt 7c, as shown. Y

When one of the sections A is to be used at the receiving or inlet end of the radiator the reduced necks or tenons of the bosses a c are preferably cut off, as shown in Figs. 9 'and l0, and the said bosses threaded internally; while the mortised portions of the bosses a c of the section at the rear end will also preferably be cut off and be similarly threaded, in order to make the necessary connection with the supply and return pipes. Of course it is not essential that the projecting ends of the bosses of the two end sections be cut off, but I prefer to do so as it enables me to make a more compact and better looking radiator.

When the radiator is put together as shown in Figs. 9 and 10, it will be seen that I have the corresponding chambers B of the various sections A united or connected, and yet each series of connected chambers is independent of the other series, and has its own air valve, supply valve, and outlet; and therefore, any one or more of the series of chambers may be brought into action as circumstances may require.

The supplyand return connections are illustrated in Figs. 9, l0 and l1, upon reference to which it will be noticed that at the receiving end of the radiator there is a valve casing G comprising preferably an elongated box-like casting having a threaded neck Z for connection with the supply pipe. The seats m for the valves n are at an angle, and the castings in which said seats are formed are secured into that face of the casing G next to the radiator, and connected by the thirnble o and collar or nut p to the radiator' section; there being one connection oi' this character for each chamber of the section A.

The valve disk n is hinged or pivoted within the casing G and has a slotted lug q on its back to receive a pin carried by the valve stem I; said stem workin g through a suitable stufling box and being connected to a plate J pivoted to the casing or an arm thereon. Where the valves are applied to the base of the radiator as in Figs. 9 and 10 they are designed to be operated by the foot,the plates J being fashioned to tit the sole of a shoe; but where the valves are applied to the upper end or top of the radiator, as in Fig. l2, the foot plate may be dispensed with and hand levers J substituted. In either event, the supply of steam can be admitted to or cut off from any one or more of the chambers of the sections by operatng the respective foot plates J or hand levers J.

At the rear end of the radiator there is a T or casting K having on its lower side a nipple r for connection with the return pipe, and on its upper side a series of nipples s, which are connected with the respective independent valve chambers L. Said valve chambersare connected with the respective chambers B of the end section A, and each contains a gravitating disk valve M, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10.

When the supply of steam from any one or more of the chambers B is cut off there will be a tendency to form a vacuum in that chamber upon the condensation of the steam, but in radiators, as generally constructed, this would be avoided by the re-entrance or return of air through the air valves. I desire, however, to maintain the vacuum and in order to secure this result, I employ the valves n and l\I at opposite ends of the chambers B, and the air valve D which is so constructed thatwhen the steam begins to condense, the pressure of the atmosphere will preclude the re-entrance of air to the said chamber. This will be better understood upon referring to Fig. 13 wherein I-I indicates the guide and set piece screwing into the boss e of the section A, and carrying the metallic tubes t and u which latter,by the difference in their expansive properties, cause the closing of the-valve upon the application of heat.

Upon the upper end of the inner tube t is a valve seat o which when the tube rises is carried up against the valve w and prevents the escape of steam. This valve w is seated loosely in thelower end of an adjustable stem or guide a: passing through the cap y; said cap being provided with one or more openings e through which the air may pass. Now when the steam or hot water enters the radiator, the air passes through the inner tube t, raises the valve w, and escapes through the hole z; but when the air is expelled, the valve seat e will be carried up to and held against the valve, thereby preventing the escape of the steam. Now if the steam be shut off, that which is within the chamber B Will condense and tend to form a vacuum; and as the valve n and M are closed, the air will seek to reenter through the air valve to destroy the vacuum; but the pressure of the air upon the back of Valve w holds the latter to its seat 4J, although the latter, owing to the contraction of its support is drawn down slightly. `By this means, the vacuum will be preserved and its equivalent pressure or force will be added to the pressure of the steam in the system to securely seat the disk or steam supply valve n.

I am aware that radiators with a divided base, common to all the tubes but with independent chambers for the respective sets of tubes, are old, and to such structureel make no claim.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is- 1. As a new article of manufacture, a radia- IOO tor section having two or more independent steam or water chambers substantially as shown and described.

2. A radiator section divided into two or more independent chambers by diaphragme vas shown and described.

3. A radiator comprising two or more connected sections,-each section having independent chambers,and each series of corresponding chambers being provided with its supply valve and air valve substantially as shown and described. 4

4. A radiator comprising two or more connected sections,each section having independent chambers; and each series of corresponding chambers being provided with an air valve, a supply valve and a discharge Valve substantially as shown and described.

5. In a radiator, two or more sections each of which is divided into two or more wholly independent chambers; and separate valves of which is' divided into two or more wholly n independent chambers; a Valve-box or casing G connected with the steam supply and with the respective chambers; and separate valves controlling the supply from the casing to the respective chambers substantially as shown and described.

7. In an air valve for radiators, the combination with the guide H of the tubes t and u carried thereby; the valve seat u carried by tube 15;' the stem as; the valve w mounted loosely in the stem; and the cap provided with the hole z.

In witness whereof I hereunto set my hand in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES A. BALL.

Witnesses:

-HoRAoE A. DODGE, WALTER S. DODGE. 

